水运,在人类的发展史上有着极大的贡献。许多城市,依水而生,依水而兴。
运河汤汤,水韵悠悠。纵横的人工水道,在隋唐时期有一条被南北贯通,北至涿郡( 今北京 ),南至余杭 ( 今杭州 ),这就是隋唐大运河。
泗县隋唐大运河清水湾公园 Qingshuiwan Park by the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal, Sixian
通济渠是隋唐大运河段重要的一段,全长650公里。它流经安徽境内的淮北市濉溪县、宿州市区、灵璧县、泗县,全长约180公里。
岁月流逝,沧海桑田。180公里的清波只剩下泗县28.1公里、具有原始历史风貌的水道,成了一扇展示历史的静态窗口。
隋唐大运河唯一活态河段泗县运河 Sixian Canal, the only section of the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal still in use
2014年,隋唐大运河与京杭大运河、浙东运河在内的三大部分十段河道被列入世界文化遗产。大运河泗县段的历史价值弥足珍贵。今天,沿泗县大运河景观亭蜿蜒而下,两岸芦苇、柳树飘摇,烟波浩渺, “隋堤烟柳、汴水晴波” 恍然可见。
“水韵泗州 运河名城”, 泗县正在发力打造这一城市品牌。隋唐大运河博物馆白墙黑瓦、单檐歇山顶,整体建筑风格呈隋唐风韵,其中镇水神兽等古运河文物,彰显古泗州深厚的文化积淀。
还可以去运河人家园林景区、泗县运河小镇、古汴廊桥、运河遗址公园、清水湾公园等地走一走,感受水韵泗州的意境。
泗县隋唐大运河博物馆 The Museum of the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal, Sixian
运河同样影响到其他文化形态。“喝不够的家乡水,听不够的拉魂腔”,泗州戏就是依河而生,有的戏文甚至与运河相关。
In the Sui and Tang dynasties, many man-made waterways leading to different directions were connected from Zhuojun (today's Beijing) in the north to Yuhang (today's Hangzhou) in the south, thus came the Sui-Tang Grand Canal (the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal). Now, the canal flows day and night with ever-lasting aqua rhyme.
In 2014, ten sections in three parts of this Sui-Tang Grand Canal, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal were inscribed on the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage List. The historic value of the Sixian section of the canal is extremely precious. If you stroll along the canal starting from the Sixian Viewing Pavilion, you can see the beautiful scene of reed and willow swaying alongside the misty waterway, which might remind you of the description in a poem, “willow in the mist by the embankment built in the Sui Dynasty and the waves in the Bianshui River glistening in the sunshine”.
隋唐大运河博物馆 The Museum of the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal
The canal nourishes many other cultural forms here and Sizhou Opera was born along its course. Local people would boast that they really like the sweet water of their home town and could never enjoy enough the lahun tone of their own opera.
灵璧县因盛产灵璧石而名。历史上,大运河从这里流过。2021年8月,凤山大道运河遗址发掘。
“汴水情,汴水美,宿州要腾飞。梨花香,国画粹,灵泗放光辉……”这是歌曲《汴水情》的歌词。
夜色中宿州市博物馆 A night view of Suzhou Museum
汴水,在宿州当地又称古汴河,指的就是通济渠。通济渠贯通后,埇桥成为“扼汴水咽喉,当南北要冲”的重镇。1987年,在进行市政建设时,埇桥遗址在宿城大隅口西侧被发现。
走进宿州博物馆,同样可以感受大运河的往昔,这里不仅收藏着运河考古中发掘出来的沉船、瓷器、玉器等,还以科技手段再现了当初运河码头的繁华。
大运河宿州段出土珍品文物——金代“风花雪月”四系瓶 A vase of Jin Dynasty origin with four Chinese characters on the body and four lugs at the top unearthed in Suzhou section of the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal
博物馆内,还展示了一块唐代蕲县界碑,虽然有些残缺,但留下的文字证实了当时的埇桥是南北陆路和运河的交汇点。
古汴河引黄河水为源,因为水中含有大量泥沙,逐渐成为一条地上河。到了南宋末年,河道基本被湮没废弃。
灵璧凤山大道隋唐运河遗址出土青釉钵 A celadon glazed bowl unearthed from the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal site under Fengshan Dadao (blvd), Lingbi
In history, the Sui-Tang Grand Canal once flowed through Lingbi, a county famous for peculiar rocks and stones. In August 2021, a canal site was found and excavated along Fengshan Dadao.
“Bianshui is lovable, Bianshui is beautiful, and Suzhou is going to prosper; pear flower is fragrant, traditional paintings are authentic, with them, Lingbi and Sixian will be brilliant...” These are the lyrics of the song “The love for the Bianshui River”.
灵璧凤山大道隋唐运河遗址出土青黄釉执壶 A greenish yellow glazed teapot unearthed from the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal site under Fengshan Dadao (blvd), Lingbi
In Suzhou Museum, you can see through the days of the canal in history. The museum not only displays shipwrecks, porcelain and jade articles unearthed from archaeological sites, but also reproduces the prosperity of the canal's piers with visual and audio technology.
宿州段大运河遗址出土文物 Cultural relics unearthed from the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal site in Suzhou
淮北市濉溪县百善镇的柳孜,古称“柳江口”。
时间回溯到1999年春夏之交。在公路拓宽改建中,有了惊喜发现。经过几十个日夜发掘,专家们的预言得到证实:一座沿运河南岸东西走向顺河而建的石造码头展现在人们面前。
2021年,又进行了一次考古发掘。两次考古发掘发现了唐宋时期的河道、河堤、石筑桥墩、道路等重要遗迹,出土8艘木质沉船及大批陶瓷器等文物,印证了这块土地昔日的繁华。
隋唐运河博物馆唐代货船 A cargo ship (remains) of the Tang Dynasty origin in the Museum of the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal
透过柳孜出土的文物遗存,我们不难感受到当年运河岸边的风土人情。隋堤垂柳、拱桥路人,街头熙熙攘攘、叫卖声不绝于耳。
回望历史,这些场景让人流连。大运河柳孜文化园应运而生。
历史上,淮北一度以产煤而兴。
今日的淮北,南湖碧波荡漾,隋唐大运河古镇灯影璀璨。
依托运河文化和南湖湿地景观资源建设的隋唐运河古镇入选“第二批国家级夜间文化和旅游消费集聚区”。其以隋唐时期民居古建筑风格为基调,以运河文化为核心。亭台水榭、光影叠彩,古色古香的传统古建筑和现代气息交相辉映。尤其是夜晚,人来人往,网红、直播,演绎出现代而时尚的生活气息。
大运河“世界遗产”石标 A stone marker of the world heritage 'the Grand Canal of China'
千年岁月流转,古风余韵依旧。隋唐大运河安徽段,在历史与现实中流淌,用独特的形态诉说着属于自己的精彩与传奇。
During the turn of spring and summer in 1999,workers encountered a surprising discovery when they were broadening a highway. After dozens of days of excavations, the prediction of specialists was proved correct: a stone wharf was revealed, which goes from east to west along the canal's south bank.
In 2021, another archaeological excavation was conducted. The two excavations uncovered many relics such as a section of riverway existed in the Tang and Song dynasties, as well as embankment, stone bridge piers and roads at the same age.
隋唐大运河通济渠安徽段示意图 A schematic diagram of Anhui section in the Tongji Canal of the Sui-Tang Dynasties Grand Canal
In addition, eight wooden sunken ships, a large number of ceramics, and some other cultural items were unearthed. All these have apparently manifested the prosperity of this land in the old days.
The Sui-Tang Canal Town, a remodeling of the ancient town seat in accordance with canal culture and by virtue of the Nanhu Wetland landscape resources, has been included in the list of the second batch of the national nighttime culture and tourism consumption clustering areas. In this signature town, pavilions, dwellings and waterfront buildings reflect different colors and shades in lighting, and the traditional antique architectures and modern atmosphere complement each other.
When night falls, the town is even more hustling and bustling with crowds of tourists and internet celebrities doing live stream. The scene really impresses visitors with a modern and fashionable atmosphere of life.